::Republic of Ireland

Ireland::irish    Title::dublin    Republic::country    Council::first    Which::august    United::county

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Ireland {{safesubst:#invoke:Separated entries|br}}
Flag Coat of arms
Anthem: "Amhrán na bhFiann{{#invoke:Category handler|main}}" "The Soldiers' Song"
Location of  Ireland{{#invoke:String|rep| |2}}(dark green) – in Europe{{#invoke:String|rep| |2}}(green & dark grey) – in the European Union{{#invoke:String|rep| |2}}(green)
Capital and largest city		Dublin {{#invoke:Coordinates|coord}}{{#coordinates:53|20.65|N|6|16.05|W|type:city|| | |name= }}
Official languages		</td> </tr>
National language</td>		Irish<ref name=lang/></td> </tr>
Ethnic groups (2011<ref name="CIA"/><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>)</td>		{{safesubst:#invoke:list|unbulleted}}</td> </tr>
Demonym		Irish</td> </tr>
Government		Unitary parliamentary constitutional republic</td> </tr>
- </td>	President</td>	Michael D. Higgins</td> </tr>
- </td>	Taoiseach</td>	Enda Kenny</td> </tr>
- </td>	Tánaiste</td>	Joan Burton</td> </tr>
Legislature		Oireachtas</td> </tr>
- </td>	Upper house</td>	Seanad</td> </tr>
- </td>	Lower house</td>	Dáil</td> </tr>
Independence from the United Kingdom
- </td>	Proclamation</td>	24 April 1916 </td> </tr>
- </td>	Declaration</td>	21 January 1919 </td> </tr>
- </td>	Anglo-Irish Treaty</td>	6 December 1921 </td> </tr>
- </td>	1922 constitution</td>	6 December 1922 </td> </tr>
- </td>	1937 constitution</td>	29 December 1937 </td> </tr>
- </td>	Republic Act</td>	18 April 1949 </td> </tr>
Area
- </td>	Total</td>	70,273 km2 (120th) 27,133 sq mi</td> </tr>
- </td>	Water (%)</td>	2.00</td> </tr>
Population
- </td>	2014 estimate</td>	4,609,600<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref></td> </tr>
- </td>	2011 census</td>	4,588,252<ref name="pop2011">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> (121st)</td> </tr>
- </td>	Density</td>	65.3/km2 (142nd) 168.8/sq mi</td> </tr>
GDP (PPP)</td>		2015 estimate</td> </tr>
- </td>	Total</td>	$250.286 billion<ref name=imf2>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> (56th)</td> </tr>
- </td>	Per capita</td>	$53,841<ref name=imf2/> (11th)</td> </tr>
GDP (nominal)</td>		2015 estimate</td> </tr>
- </td>	Total</td>	$227.498 billion<ref name=imf2/> (42nd)</td> </tr>
- </td>	Per capita</td>	$48,939<ref name=imf2/> (14th)</td> </tr>
Gini (2011)</td>		29.8<ref name=eurogini>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> low</td> </tr>
HDI (2013)</td>		0.899<ref name="HDI">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> very high · 11th</td> </tr>
Currency		Euro (€)<ref group="note">Prior to 2002, Ireland used the punt (Irish pound) as its circulated currency. The euro was introduced as an accounting currency in 1999.</ref> (EUR)</td> </tr>
Time zone		GMT/WET (UTC​)</td> </tr>
- </td>	Summer (DST)</td>	IST/WEST (UTC+1)</td> </tr>
Date format		dd/mm/yyyy</td> </tr>
Drives on the		left</td> </tr>
Calling code		+353</td> </tr>
ISO 3166 code		IE</td> </tr>
Internet TLD		.ie</td> </tr>
a.</td>	^ Article 4 of the Constitution of Ireland declares that the name of the state is Ireland; Section 2 of the Republic of Ireland Act 1948 declares that Republic of Ireland is "the description of the State".<ref name="Coakley2009">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=book }}</ref></td> </tr>
b.</td>	^ The .eu domain is also used, as it is shared with other European Union member states.</td> </tr></table> Ireland ({{#invoke:IPAc-en|main}}; Irish: Éire{{#invoke:Category handler|main}} [ˈeːɾʲə]), also known as the Republic of Ireland (Poblacht na hÉireann{{#invoke:Category handler|main}}), is a sovereign state in north-western Europe occupying about five-sixths of the island of Ireland. The capital and largest city is Dublin, located in the eastern part of the island, whose metropolitan area is home to around a third of the country's 4.6 million inhabitants. The state shares its only land border with Northern Ireland, a part of the United Kingdom. It is otherwise surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, with the Celtic Sea to the south, Saint George's Channel to the south-east and the Irish Sea to the east. It is a unitary, parliamentary republic.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=citation }}</ref> The Oireachtas{{#invoke:Category handler|main}} (legislature) consists of a lower house, Dáil Éireann{{#invoke:Category handler|main}} (House of Representatives, lit. 'Assembly of Ireland'), an upper house, Seanad Éireann{{#invoke:Category handler|main}} (Senate of Ireland), and an elected President (Uachtarán{{#invoke:Category handler|main}}) who serves as the largely ceremonial head of state, but with some important powers and duties. The head of government is the Taoiseach{{#invoke:Category handler|main}} (Prime Minister, literally 'Chief', a title not used in English), who is elected by the Dáil and appointed by the President, and appoints other government ministers. The Irish Free State was created in 1922 as a result of the Anglo-Irish Treaty. It effectively became a republic, with an elected president, under the constitution of 1937, in which it was named "Ireland". It was officially declared a republic in 1949. Ireland became a member of the United Nations in December 1955. It joined the European Economic Community (EEC), predecessor of the European Union, in 1973. The state had no formal relations with Northern Ireland for most of the twentieth century, but during the 1980s and 1990s the British and Irish governments worked with the Northern Ireland parties towards a resolution to "the Troubles". Since the signing of the Good Friday Agreement in 1998, the Irish government and Northern Ireland executive have co-operated on a number of policy areas under the North-South Ministerial Council created by the Agreement. Ireland ranks among the wealthiest countries in the world in terms of GDP per capita.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> After joining the EEC, Ireland enacted a series of liberal economic policies that resulted in rapid economic growth. The country achieved considerable prosperity from 1995 to 2007, during which it became known as the Celtic Tiger. This was halted by an unprecedented financial crisis that began in 2008, in conjunction with the concurrent global economic crash.<ref name="workforall">"EU: Causes of Growth differentials in Europe", WAWFA think tank</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=news }}</ref> In 2011 and 2013 Ireland was ranked as the seventh-most developed country in the world by the United Nations Human Development Index.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> It also performs well in several metrics of national performance, including freedom of the press, economic freedom and civil liberties. Ireland is a member of the European Union and is a founding member of the Council of Europe and the OECD. The Irish constitution binds the country to a policy of neutrality through non-alignment and the country is consequently not a member of NATO,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> although it does participate in Partnership for Peace. Republic of Ireland sections Intro  Name  History  Geography  Politics  Economy  Demographics  Culture  See also  Notes  References  Further reading  External links   PREVIOUS: Intro NEXT: Name << >>