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223 Rosa is a large Themistian asteroid. It is classified as a combination of C-type and P-type asteroids, so it is probably composed of carbonaceous material rich in water ice. It was discovered by Johann Palisa on March 9, 1882 in Vienna. The origin of the name is not known.

Photometric observations made in 2011–2012 at the Organ Mesa Observatory in Las Cruces, New Mexico produced a light curve with a period of 20.283 ± 0.002 hours and a brightness variation of 0.13 ± 0.02 in magnitude. The curve has two asymmetrical maxima and minima per 20.283 hour cycle.<ref name="Pilcher2012"/>