::Umar
::concepts
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Umar, also spelled Omar (Arabic: عمر بن الخطاب{{#invoke:Category handler|main}}, translit.: `Umar ibn Al-Khattāb, Umar Son of Al-Khattab, born c.583 CE
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{{#invoke:Redirect template|main}}died 3 November 644 CE), was one of the most powerful and influential Muslim caliphs (successors) in history.<ref>Ahmed, Nazeer, Islam in Global History: From the Death of Prophet Muhammad to the First World War, American Institute of Islamic History and Cul, 2001, p. 34. ISBN 0-7388-5963-X.</ref> He was a senior Sahaba of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He succeeded Abu Bakr (632–634) as the second caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate on 23 August 634. He was an expert Islamic jurist known for his pious and just nature, which earned him the epithet Al-Farooq ("the one who distinguishes between right and wrong"). He is sometimes referred to as Umar I by historians of Islam, since a later Umayyad caliph, Umar II, also bore that name. According to Sunnis, Umar is the second greatest of the Sahaba after Abu Bakr.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Under Umar, the caliphate expanded at an unprecedented rate, ruling the Sasanian Empire and more than two-thirds of the Byzantine Empire.<ref>Hourani, p. 23.</ref> His attacks against the Sasanian Empire resulted in the conquest of Persia in fewer than two years (642–644).<ref name="jewishvirtuallibrary.org">https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/History/Caliphate.html</ref> According to Jewish tradition, Umar set aside the Christian ban on Jews and allowed them into Jerusalem and to worship.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=book }}</ref>
Umar sections
Intro Early life During Muhammad's era Foundation of the caliphate Caliph Abu Bakr's era Reign as caliph Political and civil administration Canals Reforms Visit to Jerusalem in 637 CE Military expansion The great famine The great plague Welfare state Free trade Assassination Western views Family See also Notes References External links
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Muhammad::people Islam::medina Umar's::title Their::books 'Umar::https Islamic::caliph
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{{#invoke:Infobox|infobox}}
Umar, also spelled Omar (Arabic: عمر بن الخطاب{{#invoke:Category handler|main}}, translit.: `Umar ibn Al-Khattāb, Umar Son of Al-Khattab, born c.583 CE
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{{#invoke:Redirect template|main}}died 3 November 644 CE), was one of the most powerful and influential Muslim caliphs (successors) in history.<ref>Ahmed, Nazeer, Islam in Global History: From the Death of Prophet Muhammad to the First World War, American Institute of Islamic History and Cul, 2001, p. 34. ISBN 0-7388-5963-X.</ref> He was a senior Sahaba of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He succeeded Abu Bakr (632–634) as the second caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate on 23 August 634. He was an expert Islamic jurist known for his pious and just nature, which earned him the epithet Al-Farooq ("the one who distinguishes between right and wrong"). He is sometimes referred to as Umar I by historians of Islam, since a later Umayyad caliph, Umar II, also bore that name. According to Sunnis, Umar is the second greatest of the Sahaba after Abu Bakr.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Under Umar, the caliphate expanded at an unprecedented rate, ruling the Sasanian Empire and more than two-thirds of the Byzantine Empire.<ref>Hourani, p. 23.</ref> His attacks against the Sasanian Empire resulted in the conquest of Persia in fewer than two years (642–644).<ref name="jewishvirtuallibrary.org">https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/History/Caliphate.html</ref> According to Jewish tradition, Umar set aside the Christian ban on Jews and allowed them into Jerusalem and to worship.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=book }}</ref>
Umar sections
Intro Early life During Muhammad's era Foundation of the caliphate Caliph Abu Bakr's era Reign as caliph Political and civil administration Canals Reforms Visit to Jerusalem in 637 CE Military expansion The great famine The great plague Welfare state Free trade Assassination Western views Family See also Notes References External links
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